Part II

The exception of unconstitutionality is analyzed from the perspective of comparative law as one of the forms of substantive review of the constitutionality of laws.

A posteriori review of the constitutionality of laws is found in most European countries. It can be exercised either through a lawsuit or through a constitutional challenge. European states have adopted either the American or the European model as the means of exercising the constitutional challenge.

Keywords: constitutional law, comparative law, review of the constitutionality of laws, constitutional challenge